Hiki ke hoʻoili ʻia nā Coronaviruses ma ke ʻano o nā droplets, hiki ke hoʻouna ʻia kahi helu liʻiliʻi ma o ka hoʻopili ʻana * 13, a hiki ke hoʻoili ʻia ma ka fecal-oral*14, a ke manaʻo ʻia nei e lawe ʻia e nā aerosol.
ʻO ka hoʻoili ʻia ʻana o Droplet he hoʻouna mamao pōkole me ka laulā o nā mika wale nō, ʻoiai hiki i nā aerosol ke hele lōʻihi aku.
No ka laʻana, aia ma kahi o 40,000 droplets ka sneeze, ʻo ka nui o nā droplets he > 60 microns, a ʻo nā droplets liʻiliʻi he 10-60 microns.No ka mea ʻaʻole hiki i ka haʻahaʻa ambient i 100% RH, e hoʻomaka koke nā droplets e evaporate.Ma hope o ka manawa, e lilo nā droplets i droplet nuclei * 1 o 0.5-12 microns.
Ma waho aʻe o ka ʻāʻī, e hoʻopuka ka ʻū ma kahi o 3000 droplet nuclei, ua like ia me ka nuclei droplet i hana ʻia e ke kanaka maʻamau e kamaʻilio ana no 5 mau minuke * 2 ʻO ka wikiwiki mua o nā kulu i hoʻokuʻu ʻia e ka sneezing he kiʻekiʻe loa, ma kahi o 100m/s. no laila hiki ke laha i kekahi mau mika Hiki ke hanu ʻia nā kulu i hana ʻia e ka hanu maʻamau e ka poʻe 1 mika ka mamao*4.
ʻO ke kumu o ka aerosol ka huaʻōlelo maʻamau no nā ʻāpana paʻa maikaʻi a i ʻole ka wai i hoʻokuʻu ʻia i ka lewa.ʻO ka PM2.5 kaulana he aerosol me ke anawaena(ʻoiaʻiʻo he aerodynamic anawaena) ʻoi aku ma mua o 2.5 microns.Ma hope o ka hoʻokuʻu ʻia ʻana o nā kulu e lawe ana i ka nui o ka maʻi maʻi mai ke kino o ke kanaka, e hoʻoheheʻe ʻia lākou, e emi ka nui, a hāʻule kekahi hapa i ka lepo.ʻO ka ʻāpana i hoʻokuʻu ʻia i ka lewa e hana i kahi aerosol e lawe ana i ka maʻi.
ʻOi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka nui, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka hele ʻana o ka aerosol i kahi mamao loa-no ka mea ʻaʻole hiki ke pae koke i nā aerosol liʻiliʻi, e hele lōʻihi lākou me ke kahe o ka ea.
No ka laʻana, e pae ka aerosol e lawe ana i ka maʻi me ke anawaena o 100 microns i 10 kekona, e pae ka aerosol o 20 microns i 4 mau minuke, a e pae ka aerosol o 10 microns i 17 mau minuke.Eia naʻe, e hoʻokuʻu ʻia nā aerosol o 1 micron a ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi i ka lewa kokoke i "mau loa" * 5 (ʻoi aku ma mua o kekahi mau hola, a i ʻole kekahi mau lā).ʻO kēia hiʻohiʻona e hiki ai i ka aerosol e lawe ana i ka maʻi maʻi no ka maʻi lōʻihi.
Hiki i nā kānana hoʻomaʻemaʻe ea ke hopu i nā Aerosol ka nui o ka maʻi?
I ka pōkole: hana ka hapa nui, akā naʻe, e kānana maikaʻi kekahi a e kānana liʻiliʻi kekahi.He kānana wikiwiki kekahi a he kānana mālie kekahi.No nā mea hoʻohana maʻamau, pono ʻoe e koho i kahi me ka pono kānana kiʻekiʻe a me ka wikiwiki kānana wikiwiki.
'Ōlelo Aʻo: [High Efficiency] 'o ia hoʻi, he kiʻekiʻe ke kiʻekiʻe o ka maʻi maʻi i ka wā e hele ai i ka mea kānana.[Ka wikiwiki kānana wikiwiki] ʻo ia hoʻi, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā maʻi virus e hele i loko o ka mea kānana i loko o kahi manawa pōkole, a ua like nā mea ʻelua.ʻIke pinepine ka hapa nui o nā mea hoʻohana hou i ka [kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe] a nānā ʻole i ka [wikiwiki kānana wikiwiki], e alakaʻi ana i: ʻoiai hiki i ka mea kānana ke hopu i kahi kokoke i 100% o ka virus aerosol e kahe ana ma loko ona, ʻo ka virus aerosol e hele ana i ka mea kānana. liʻiliʻi, hāʻule mālie nā aerosol i ka lewa, e alakaʻi ana i nā maʻi hou.
(1) ʻO wainā mea kānana i kiʻekiʻe ka pono?
Wahi a ka American standard ASHRAE 52.2, ua helu ʻia ka pono kānana o nā mea kānana i hoʻohana ʻia i ka ventila e like me kēia (MERV1-MERV16):
ʻO ka papa kānana ʻoi aʻe ma mua o MERV16 ʻo HEPA.ʻOkoʻa ka pono kānana like ʻole no nā aerosol o nā nui like ʻole.E like me ke kiʻi ma lalo nei, hiki iā mākou ke ʻike i ka mea kānana he maikaʻi ʻole kānana pono no nā aerosol ma ka pālākiō o 0.1 micron a 1 micron.Eia naʻe, ʻo nā mea kānana MERV16 a me nā māka kiʻekiʻe o HEPA ʻO ka mea kānana * 11 he hopena kānana maikaʻi no kēia ʻano o nā aerosol, a hiki i ka helu hoʻoneʻe ke piʻi i 95% a i ʻole ke kiʻekiʻe.
No laila, ʻaʻohe kānalua e koho nā mea hoʻohana i kahimea kānana ma luna o MERV16 – HEPA kānana.
Eia nō naʻe, i kēia manawa, ʻaʻole pono nā mea kānana hoʻomaʻemaʻe ea o Kina e hōʻailona i ka papa kānana kānana.Loaʻa nā mea kānana kūpono (nā mea kānana ma luna o ka papa MERV16) i kēia mau ʻōlelo:
"H13/H12/E12 mea kānana / kānana / kānana pale / pepa kānana"
"99.5% (a i ʻole 99.95%) kānana ʻana o nā ʻāpana micron 0.3μm / aerosols"
noi ka poʻe i nā kānana DO HEPA e pale aku iā COVID
(2) ʻO waimea kānanaloaʻa i ka māmā kānana wikiwiki loa?
ʻO kaʻoiaʻiʻo,ʻaʻole wale kēia e koi aku i ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa o ka mea kānana, akā makemake pū kekahi i ka nui o ka ea o ka fan.ʻO ka wikiwiki kānana wikiwiki o ka mea kānana, ʻo ia ka mea e noho ai nā aerosol i loko o ka maʻi virus i ka lewa no ka manawa pōkole, a e hopu koke ʻia lākou e ka mea kānana, e hahai ana i kēia mau lula:
ʻO ka manawa maʻamau no nā aerosol i loaʻa i ka maʻi virus e noho i ka lewa ∝ lumi lumi/CADR
ʻO ia, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka CADR o ka mea hoʻomaʻemaʻe ea, ʻoi aku ka pōkole o ka manawa maʻamau e noho ai ka aerosol i ka lewa.
No ka hāʻawi ʻana i kahi hiʻohiʻona maʻalahi, i loko o kahi lumi moe o 15 mau mika square (2.4 mau mika kiʻekiʻe), e pili ana i ka nui o ka ventila o ka lumi maʻamau o 0.3 mau manawa i kēlā me kēia hola, ʻo ka manawa maʻamau no nā aerosol lawe maʻi virus e noho i ka lewa he 3.3 mau hola.Eia nō naʻe, inā hoʻāla ʻia ka mea hoʻomaʻemaʻe ea me CADR=120m³/h i loko o ka lumi, e hoʻemi ʻia ka manawa awelika no ka nuclei droplet e noho i ka lewa i 18 mau minuke (inā ua pani ʻia nā puka a me nā puka makani).
I ka hōʻuluʻulu manaʻo: No ka virus aerosol, ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ka pae kānana o ka mea kānana, ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ka CADR o ka mea hoʻomaʻemaʻe ea, a ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hopena hoʻomaʻemaʻe.
Ka manawa hoʻouna: Dec-23-2022