Mai ka hāʻule, pediatric outpatient mycoplasma pneumonia kiʻekiʻe incidence, he nui na keiki i maʻi no ka manawa lōʻihi, makua hopohopo, aole ike pehea e hana me.ʻO ka pilikia o ka pale ʻana i ka lāʻau lapaʻau i ka mālama ʻana i ka mycoplasma ua lilo kēia nalu o nā maʻi i mea nui o ka nānā.E nānā kākou i ka mycoplasma pneumonia.
1. He aha ke kumumycoplasma pneumonia?He mea lele anei?Ma ke aha?
ʻO ka maʻi maʻi mycoplasma kahi maʻi ʻehaʻeha o ka maʻi ma muli o ka maʻi mycoplasma pneumoniae.ʻO ka Mycoplasma ka microorganism liʻiliʻi loa e hiki ke ola kūʻokoʻa ma waena o nā maʻi a me nā maʻi bacteria, a he pathogen koʻikoʻi o ka maʻi ʻōpū o ka hanu i nā keiki, akā ʻoiaʻiʻo, ʻaʻole ia he microorganism pathogenic hou i puka mai, i kēlā me kēia makahiki, i kēlā me kēia makahiki, kēlā me kēia 3 a 5 Hiki i nā makahiki ke lilo i maʻi maʻi liʻiliʻi, a ʻo ka nui o ka maʻi maʻi he 3 a 5 mau manawa kiʻekiʻe ma mua o ka manawa maʻamau.I kēia makahiki, ke piʻi aʻe nei ka maʻi o ka mycoplasma ma ka honua, a loaʻa iā ia nā ʻano o ka wā ʻōpio, a ua maʻalahi ka wehe ʻana i nā kindergartens a me nā kula, no laila ʻo nā keiki nā pūʻulu pale kī o ka mycoplasma pneumonia.ʻO ka maʻi pneumonia Mycoplasma he maʻi lele e hoʻemi ana iā ia iho a lele pū kekahi, i lawe ʻia ma o ka launa pū ʻana me nā mea huna waha a me ka ihu a i ʻole ma o nā kulu lewa mai nā mea huna a me ka ihu.Hoʻoulu pinepine ka maʻi ma hope o 2 a 3 mau pule.Ma hope o ke ahulau,liʻiliʻi ka poʻe e hoʻohana i nā maka, e hana ana i nā kūlana kūpono no ka laha ʻana o ka mycoplasma.
2. ʻO wai ka mea maʻi i ka mycoplasma pneumonia?ʻO ka manawa hea ka maʻi nui o ka mycoplasma pneumonia?He aha nā hōʻailona?
ʻO ka poʻe ma waena o 4 a me 20 mau makahiki e loaʻa i ka mycoplasma pneumonia, akā ʻo ka muli loa he pēpē 1 mahina.Hoʻomaka ka nui o nā hihia i ke kauwela a piʻi i ka hopena o ka hāʻule a i ʻole ka hoʻoilo.ʻAʻole like nā keiki me ka mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumoniae i nā ʻano makahiki like ʻole, ʻoi loaʻO nā hōʻailona maʻamau he kuni, ʻuʻu.Ma muli o ka ʻike ʻole ʻia o nā hōʻailona pulmonary o nā keiki mua, ʻaʻole i hoʻolohe pinepine ʻia, a hiki i nā mākua ke hōʻino i nā lāʻau antibiotic ma muli o ka ʻike e hoʻoulu ai i ka lāʻau lapaʻau maikaʻi ʻole, e like me nā lāʻau penicillin, amoxicillin, amoxicillin clavulanate potassium, piperacillin, etc., no ka mea, penicillin. ʻAʻohe hopena therapeutic i ka mycoplasma, maʻalahi e lohi i ka maʻi.ʻO nā hōʻailona mua o nā keiki liʻiliʻi, ʻo ia ka ʻū a me ka sputum, i hui pū ʻia me ka wheezing, wheezing i loko o ka māmā, a ʻo ka nui o ke kino ma waena o 38.1 a me 39 ° C, ʻo ia ka maʻi maʻamau.ʻO ka paia bronchial o nā keiki he inelastic, ʻo ke kaomi o ka exhalation e haiki i ka lumen, ʻaʻole maʻalahi ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana, a maʻalahi ke ʻike ʻia ʻo atelectasis a me ka emphysema, inā hui pū me ka maʻi bacteria, a hiki ke alakaʻi i ka empyema.I nā keiki ʻoi aʻe, ʻo ka hōʻailona mua he ʻu i hui pū ʻia me ke kuni a i ʻole 2 a 3 mau lā ma hope, ʻo ka maʻamau a i ʻole ka maʻi ʻaʻa maloʻo hoʻonāukiuki.Pono e nānā nui ʻia kahi helu liʻiliʻi o nā keiki me ka ulu wikiwiki ʻana o ka maʻi, nā pilikia hanu a me nā hōʻailona koʻikoʻi ʻē aʻe.A he hapaha o nā keiki i loaʻa i nā ʻōpala, ka maningitis, myocarditis a me nā hōʻike extrapulmonary.
3. Ua manaʻo ʻia ʻo mycoplasma pneumonia e hele i ka haukapila i ke keʻena hea?
ʻO nā keiki ma lalo o 14 mau makahiki e ʻike i nā pediatrics, ʻoi aku ma mua o 14 mau makahiki hiki ke hele i ka ʻoihana hanu a me ka mālama ʻana, hiki ke hoʻopaʻa inoa ʻia nā hōʻailona koʻikoʻi i ka keʻena pilikia.Ma hope o ke kūkākūkā a me ka nānā ʻana o ke kauka, pono paha ʻo ia e hele i ke keʻena kiʻi kiʻi a me ke keʻena hoʻokolohua lapaʻau e hana i kekahi mau hoʻokolohua kōkua.E hele i ke keʻena hana e hoʻāʻo i ka serum mycoplasma antibody (IgM antibody), maʻamau koko, hypersensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP).ʻO nā antibodies serum i ka mycoplasma, inā ʻoi aku ka nui ma mua o 1:64, a i ʻole ka piʻi ʻana o 4-fold i ka titer i ka wā o ka hoʻihoʻi ʻana, hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ma ke ʻano he kuhikuhi diagnostic;ʻO nā hualoaʻa maʻamau o ke koko e nānā i ka heluna o nā keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo (WBC), maʻamau, hiki ke hoʻonui iki ʻia, a e emi iki paha kekahi, ʻokoʻa kēia me ka maʻi bacteria, maʻi maʻi maʻi maʻi keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo e piʻi maʻamau;E hoʻokiʻekiʻe ʻia ka CRP i ka maʻi pneumonia mycoplasma, a inā ʻoi aku ia ma mua o 40mg/L, hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia e hoʻoholo i ka maʻi maʻi mycoplasma refractory.Hiki i nā ho'āʻo ʻē aʻe ke nānā i nā enzyme myocardial, ka ate a me ka hana kīkī, a i ʻole e ʻike pono i ka antigen mycoplasma pneumoniae i loko o nā hōʻailona hanu no ka ʻike mua a me ka wikiwiki.E like me ka pono, hiki ke hana i ka electrocardiogram, electroencephalogram, chest X-ray, chest CT, urinary system color ultrasound a me nā hoʻokolohua kūikawā ʻē aʻe.
4. Ka mālama ʻana i ka maʻi pneumonia mycoplasma i nā keiki
Ma hope o ka hōʻoia ʻana o ka mycoplasma pneumonia, pono e hahai i ka ʻōlelo a ke kauka no ka mālama ʻana i nā lāʻau anti-infective, ʻo ka koho mua he macrolides, ʻo ia nā lāʻau erythromycin kaulana, hiki ke hoʻomalu i ka hana ʻana o ka mycoplasma protein a keʻakeʻa i ka hanana ʻāʻā.I kēia manawa, hoʻohana maʻamau ʻia ka azithromycin i ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa lapaʻau, hiki ke komo pono i ka pūnaewele ʻā, pale i nā hemahema o ka erythromycin, a ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi a me ka palekana ma mua o ka erythromycin.E makaʻala ʻaʻole e lawe i nā lāʻau antibiotic i ka wai wela;Mai lawe pū me ka waiū, ka waiu enzyme a me nā mea hoʻomākaukau bacteria ola;Mai inu i ka wai i loko o 2 mau hola ma hope o ka lawe ʻana i nā lāʻau lapaʻau, e ʻai i ka hua, no ka mea, aia ka wai hua i ka waikawa hua, e hoʻolalelale i ka hemo ʻana o nā lāʻau antibiotic, e hoʻopilikia i ka hopena;E pale pū i ka vīneka a me nā lāʻau lapaʻau a me nā meaʻai i loaʻa i ka waiʻona, e like me ka wai Huoxiang Zhengqi, ka waina raiki, etc.
Hiki ke hāʻawi ʻia ka lāʻau hōʻailona e like me ka hōʻemi ʻana i ke kuni, ka hoʻomaha ʻana o ka ʻū a me ka hōʻemi ʻana o ka phlegm ma mua o ka hōʻoia ʻana.Inā maikaʻi ka mycoplasma antibody, pono e hāʻawi ʻia ka azithromycin ma ka pākēneka o 10mg i ka kilo o ke kaumaha o ke kino no ka anti-infection.I nā hihia koʻikoʻi, koi ʻia ka infusion intravenous o azithromycin.Hiki ke mālama ʻia me ka lāʻau lapaʻau Kina, akā ma muli o ka nui o ka pōʻino o nā māmā o ka mycoplasma pneumonia, hiki ke hui pū ʻia nā hihia koʻikoʻi me ka pleural effusion, atelectasis, necrotic pneumonia, etc. .
Ma hope o ka mālama ʻana, ʻaʻohe maʻi kuni a me ka ʻāʻī o nā keiki me ka mycoplasma pneumoniae, a nalowale nā hōʻailona hanu no nā lā ʻoi aku ma mua o 3 mau lā, ʻaʻole ʻōlelo ʻia e hoʻomau i ka lawe ʻana i nā lāʻau antibacterial e pale aku i ke kū'ē.
5. He aha ka meaʻai o nā keiki me ka mycoplasma pneumonia e pono e hoʻolohe?
I ka wā o ka mycoplasma pneumonia, nā mea maʻi me ka ʻai kino nui, he mea nui ka hānai ʻai.ʻO kaʻaiʻepekema a me ke kūpono he mea kōkua nui i ka ho'ōla houʻana i ka maʻi, pono e hoʻoikaika i ka meaʻai, me nā calorie kiʻekiʻe, waiwai i nā huaora, maʻalahi eʻeli i ka meaʻai wai a me ka meaʻai semi-wai, hiki keʻai pono i nā mea kanu hou, nā hua, kaʻai protein kiʻekiʻe a kōkua i ka hoʻoikaika ʻana i ka palekana o ka meaʻai.No nā keiki me ka mycoplasma pneumonia, pono nā mākua e hoʻokiʻekiʻe i ke poʻo o ke keiki i ka wā e hānai ai i mea e pale ai i ka ʻoki a me ka ʻeha.Inā ʻaʻohe meaʻai maikaʻi ʻole o kahi keiki me ka mycoplasma pneumonia a ʻaʻole hiki iā ia ke ʻai, hiki ke kuhikuhi ʻia e ke kauka ka meaʻai meaʻai makua.
Pono mākou e noʻonoʻo nui i ka ʻai o nā keiki me ka mycoplasma pneumonia, e hoʻolohe i ka meaʻai, a mai ʻai i nā meaʻai hiki ʻole ke ʻai ʻia, i ʻole e hoʻonui i ka ulu ʻana o ka maʻi.ʻAʻole makemake pinepine nā keiki maʻi, hoʻopau pinepine nā mākua i nā ʻano ʻoluʻolu a pau, akā pono kekahi mau meaʻai e pale aku.
6. Pehea e pale ai i ke ola hanu o nā keiki a pale i ka maʻi pneumonia mycoplasma?
(1) Hoʻonui i ka palekana:
Hiki i nā keiki me ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa i ka mycoplasma pneumonia, no laila he mea nui e hoʻomaikaʻi i ka pale ʻana o ke kino.E hoʻoikaika i ka hoʻoikaika kino, ʻai i nā mea kanu a me nā huaʻai, hoʻohui i ka protein kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe, ʻo ia nā ala āpau e hoʻomaikaʻi ai i ko lākou pale ponoʻī;I ka manawa like e pale aku ai i ka emi ʻana o ko lākou pale ponoʻī, hoʻololi i nā kau a i ʻole nā hoʻololi o ke aniau i ka wā e hele ai i waho, e hoʻohui i nā lole i ka manawa e pale ai i ke anu a me ke anu;
(2) E noʻonoʻo i ka meaʻai olakino:
No ka mālama ʻana i ka ʻai maikaʻi, e ʻai i nā mea kanu hou a me nā huaʻai a me nā meaʻai olakino ʻē aʻe, mai ʻai i nā meaʻai ʻala, momona, maka a me ke anu, ʻai kaulike, ʻai mau.Hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻai i nā meaʻai hānai māmā, e like me Sydney a me ka radish keʻokeʻo, hoʻemi i ka expectoration cough;
(3) E mālama i ka nohona maikaʻi a me ke aʻo ʻana:
ʻO ka hana a me ka hoʻomaha mau, ka hui pū ʻana o ka hana a me ka hoʻomaha, hoʻomaha i ke ʻano, e hōʻoia i ka hiamoe kūpono.Ua maloʻo ke anuanu a me ka hoʻoilo, ua kiʻekiʻe ka lepo o ka lewa, a ua maʻalahi ka pōʻino o ka mucosa ihu kanaka.E inu hou i ka wai e hoʻomaʻemaʻe i ka mucosa ihu, hiki ke pale maikaʻi i ka hoʻouka ʻana o nā maʻi maʻi, a kōkua i ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana i nā toxins i loko o ke kino a hoʻomaʻemaʻe i ke kaiapuni i loko;
(4) Hoʻoikaika kino kūpono:
ʻO ka hoʻoikaika kino ke kōkua i ka mālama ʻana i ka ʻōnaehana hanu, hoʻonui i ka metabolism, a hoʻonui i ka pale ʻana i nā maʻi.Hiki i nā hana aerobic e like me ka hele wikiwiki, ka holo ʻana, ka lele ʻana i ke kaula, ka aerobic, ka pāʻani basketball, ka ʻauʻau, a me nā ʻoihana kaua e hoʻoikaika i ka hana o ka māmā, e hoʻomaikaʻi i ka hiki ke lawe i ka oxygen, a me ka hoʻonui i ka mana metabolic o ka ʻōnaehana hanu.Ma hope o ka hoʻoikaika kino, e hoʻomaloʻo i ka hou i ka manawa e mahana ai;ʻO ka hoʻoikaika kino waho, akā ʻaʻole hoʻoikaika ikaika.
(5) Pale maikaʻi:
Ke noʻonoʻo nei i ka lawe ʻia ʻana o ka mycoplasma ma o nā droplets, inā aia nā mea maʻi me ke kuni a me ka ʻū, pono e lawe ʻia ka disinfection a me ka noho kaʻawale i ka manawa.E ho'āʻo e hele i nā wahi lehulehu;Inā ʻaʻohe kūlana kūikawā, e hoʻāʻo e ʻaʻahu i kahi mask e hōʻemi i ka manawa o ka maʻi;
(6) E nānā pono i ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe pilikino:
ʻO ka maʻemaʻe pilikino maikaʻi a me ka mālama kaiapuni, holoi pinepine i nā lima, ʻauʻau pinepine, hoʻololi pinepine i nā lole, a maloʻo pinepine i nā lole.E holoi i kou mau lima me ka wai kahe a me ke kopa ma hope koke o ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka lua ma mua o ka ʻai ʻana, ma hope o ka puka ʻana i waho, ma hope o ka ʻu ʻana, ka ʻū ʻana, a ma hope o ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻana i kou ihu e hōʻemi i ka laha ʻana o ka maʻi bacteria a me nā maʻi.Mai hoʻopā i nā wahi maka e like me ka waha, ka ihu a me nā maka me nā lima lepo e hōʻemi i ka loaʻa ʻana o ka maʻi.I ka ʻā ʻana a i ʻole ka ʻuhu ʻana ma nā wahi lehulehu, e hoʻohana i ka ʻili lima a i ʻole ka pepa e uhi ai i ka waha a me ka ihu e hōʻemi i ka hoʻohu ʻana;Mai kuha ʻoe ma nā wahi ʻē aʻe e pale aku i nā maʻi mai ka hoʻohaumia ʻana i ka ea a me ka maʻi ʻana i nā poʻe ʻē aʻe;
(7) E mālama i ka maikaʻi o ka ea i loko:
E noʻonoʻo i ka ea lumi lumi e hōʻemi i ke komo ʻana o ka pathogen.He maloʻo a lepo ka Autumn, a hiki ke hoʻopili ʻia nā microorganisms pathogenic a me nā allergens i nā ʻāpana lepo a komo i ke ea ma o ka hanu ʻana.Pono e wehe pinepine i ka puka a me ka Windows, ea, i kēlā me kēia manawa hoʻoheheʻe o 15 a 30 mau minuke, e mālama i ka ea ambient.Hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻohana mau i ka fumigation vinegar, kukui ultraviolet a me nā mea ʻē aʻe i loko o ka ea disinfection, ultraviolet disinfection e like me ka hiki ke koho i loko o ka disinfection i loko, inā aia kekahi i loko o ka lumi, e hoʻolohe i ka pale ʻana i nā maka.Hiki i nā mea haumia i ka lewa e like me ka lepo, ka uahi a me nā kinikona ke hoʻopōʻino i ka ʻōnaehana hanu, ʻaʻole e noho i kahi ʻano haumia no ka manawa lōʻihi.ʻO nā hana e like me ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe mau ʻana i ka home, mālama i ka ea, me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā mea hoʻomaʻemaʻe ea a i ʻole nā mea kanu i loko e hiki ke hōʻemi i nā mea ʻino i ka ea o loko;
(8) E haʻalele i ka uahi lua:
Hoʻopilikia ka paka i ka hana o ka māmā a hoʻonui i ka pilikia o ka maʻi hanu.Hiki i ka pale ʻana i nā keiki mai ka uahi lua ke hoʻomaikaʻi nui i ko lākou olakino hanu.
(9) Hoʻopalekana:
ʻO ka maʻi maʻi influenza, ka maʻi pneumonia a me nā lāʻau lapaʻau ʻē aʻe e pono ke hoʻopaʻa ʻia e like me ko lākou kūlana ponoʻī e pale i nā maʻi hanu i ka nui loa.
I ka pōkole, ʻo ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i kou pale ʻana ke kī.No ka mycoplasma pneumonia, pono mākou e nānā pono iā ia a ʻaʻole pono e hopohopo.ʻOiai kaulana ia, ua kaupalena ʻia ka pōʻino, hiki i ka hapa nui ke ho'ōla iā lākou iho, a aia nā lāʻau palekana a maikaʻi.
Ka manawa hoʻouna: Dec-03-2023